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Erlang supports efficient tail recursion. Since the chat server's functions recurse as the last statement in the function, they are tail-recursive, so they can recurse infinitely without penalty.
To quote the book ("Programming In Erlang", pp.149)
"A tail-recursive function can be compiled so that the last function call in a sequence of statements can be replaced by a single jump to the start of the function being called. This means that a tail-recursive function can loop forever without consuming stack space."
This is standard behavior for functional languages like Erlang, Scheme, Lisp, et al.
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